Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is a popular bottom-up process used to produce atomically thin (0.34 nm) monolayer graphene. Graphene is a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice structure – existing in several forms such as few-layer graphene flakes or monolayer graphene films. It is important to note, however, that comparing graphene flakes to monolayer graphene produced via CVD is like comparing apples to oranges.
CVD graphene is renowned for having lower defects, superior crystallinity, and superior electrical and thermal properties relative to graphene flakes or powders produced via top-down processes. Graphene is a spectrum of carbon-based nanomaterials, and each form offers unique benefits that are geared towards specific applications and industries.
What is Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) Technology?
Chemical vapor deposition is a widely used method for manufacturing high-quality graphene films. CVD involves decomposing hydrocarbon gases at high temperatures in the presence of a suitable metallic catalyst. During this process, carbon atoms are deposited on a substrate, forming graphene crystals that merge to create a continuous monolayer or multilayer graphene structure – depending on the metallic catalyst used.
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CVD allows large-area graphene films to be manufactured continuously and enables the growth of true monolayer graphene with excellent electrical properties.
How to Overcome Factors Affecting Sheet Graphene Quality
There are several factors that can negatively impact the quality of sheet graphene, which include
Substrate Selection
The substrate used in graphene production can have a significant impact on graphene growth. It is also important to consider substrate cleanliness, surface roughness, and compatibility with the CVD process.
Precursor Materials
The choice of suitable precursor materials, such as hydrocarbon gases, is vital for producing high-quality graphene. The purity and composition of the precursors greatly influence the properties of the synthesized graphene sheets.
Control of Growth Parameters
Growth parameters such as temperature, pressure, and gas flow rates must be precisely controlled to optimize graphene quality.
Post-Growth Treatments
Post-growth treatments are crucial for improving and maintaining the quality of synthesized graphene sheets. This stage involves transferring and cleaning the graphene sheets to remove contamination. Chemical doping and other functionalization processes can further enhance the properties of graphene, ensuring its suitability for specific applications.2
General Graphene Corporation
General Graphene Corporation prides itself in being able to provide its partners with a path towards scaling CVD graphene application development R&D. As a group of problem-solvers, we are committed to tackling challenges that can help our customers succeed in using our materials effectively to develop novel technologies and products. With our technology, we can provide a roadmap to scale the use of large-area CVD graphene films across a variety of applications and industries.
Contact us to learn more about our CVD graphene-on-substrate material offerings.